Additional Fees Imposed by the US on China-Built Ships: Legal Risks
In our previous newsletter, we highlighted the United States Trade Representative's (USTR) plan to introduce new port fees targeting China’s shipbuilding and maritime transport s
Important Decision by the Constitutional Court: The Freedom to Choose Applicable Law in Employment Contracts Has Been Annulled
By its decision dated November 5, 2024, numbered 2023/158 E., 2024/187 K., published on March 10, 2025, the Constitutional Court annulled Article 27(1) of Law No. 5718 on Private I
Evolving Sanctions Landscape: EU and UK Regulatory Measures and Compliance Implications
The European Union (EU) and the United Kingdom (UK) continue to update and expand their sanctions frameworks, implementing measures that impact trade, finance, energy, technology,
US Imposes Heavy Sanctions on Chinese Maritime Sector
The recent announcement by the United States Trade Representative (USTR) regarding new port fees targeting China’s shipbuilding and maritime transport sector has sparked signific
The Red Sea Crisis: Developments in 2024 and Expectations for 2025
The recent security issues in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden have been a critical topic of discussion. A December report by ShippingWatch revealed that the Houthi movement has of
Sanctions in the Maritime Sector: Turkey’s Path to Compliance and Impact on the Bunker Industry
On December 3, 2024, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) implemented new sanctions against Iran, which in turn brought back into foc
Default Situations of Buyer and Seller According to GAFTA (Grain and Feed Trade Association) Rules Sharp v. Viterra Decision Review
The Grain and Feed Trade Association (GAFTA) is an international London- based trade association with over 1ç00 members in 100 countries, consisting of traders, brokers, superinte